3D SHAPES

Solid shapes that have length, width and height.

They have thickness and occupy space.

What is a 3D Shape?

  • 3D stands for Three–Dimensional.
  • They are solid shapes.
  • They have:
    • Length
    • Width
    • Height

Examples in real life:

Gift box
Dice
Tin can
Book
Brick
Ball

Quick Facts

  • 3D shapes are solid.
  • They have length, width and height.
  • They occupy space.
  • They have faces, edges and vertices (corners).
  • Not all 3D shapes roll.
  • Some can slide, some can roll.
PARTS OF A 3D SHAPE
Face Edge Vertex (Corner)
Face — Flat surface of a shape
Edge — Line where two faces meet
Vertex (Corner) — Point where edges meet
TYPES OF 3D SHAPES
1. CUBE
  • Faces: 6 (all square)
  • Edges: 12
  • Vertices: 8
  • All faces are equal squares.
Examples:
Rubik's cube
Dice
2. CUBOID
  • Faces: 6 (all rectangular)
  • Edges: 12
  • Vertices: 8
  • Opposite faces are equal.
Examples:
Book
Shoe box
3. SPHERE
  • Faces: 1 (curved)
  • Edges: 0
  • Vertices: 0
  • Rolls in all directions.
Examples:
Ball
Orange
4. CYLINDER
  • Faces: 3 (2 flat + 1 curved)
  • Edges: 2 (curved)
  • Vertices: 0
  • Rolls on its curved surface.
Examples:
Tin can
Pipe
5. CONE
  • Faces: 2 (1 flat + 1 curved)
  • Edges: 1 (curved)
  • Vertices: 1
  • Rolls on its curved surface.
Examples:
Ice cream cone
Party hat
6. SQUARE PYRAMID
  • Faces: 5 (4 triangular + 1 square)
  • Edges: 8
  • Vertices: 5
  • Has a square base.
Examples:
Egyptian pyramid
Tent
7. TRIANGULAR PYRAMID
  • Faces: 4 (all triangular)
  • Edges: 6
  • Vertices: 4
  • Has a triangular base.
Examples:
Toblerone chocolate
Pyramid model
8. RECTANGULAR PYRAMID
  • Faces: 5 (4 triangular + 1 rectangular)
  • Edges: 8
  • Vertices: 5
  • Has a rectangular base.
Examples:
Monument
Roof top
9. TRIANGULAR PRISM
  • Faces: 5 (2 triangular + 3 rectangular)
  • Edges: 9
  • Vertices: 6
  • Two triangular bases.
Examples:
Toblerone pack
Roof truss
10. RECTANGULAR PRISM
  • Faces: 6 (all rectangular)
  • Edges: 12
  • Vertices: 8
  • Opposite faces are equal.
Examples:
Brick
Eraser

Roll, Slide or Both?

ShapeRollSlide
Cube✘✔
Cuboid✘✔
Sphere✔✘
Cylinder✔✔
Cone✔✘
Prisms✘✔
Pyramids✘✔

Open and Closed Surfaces

Closed Surface

No openings. All faces are joined.

Open Surface

Has openings. Not all faces are joined.

Curved and Flat Surfaces

Shapes with Curved Surfaces

Sphere

Cylinder

Cone
Shapes with All Flat Surfaces

Cube

Cuboid

Pyramid

Prisms

Regular and Irregular Shapes

Regular 3D Shapes

All faces are the same shape and size.


Cube

Sphere
Irregular 3D Shapes

Faces are not all the same shape or size.


Cuboid

Triangular Prism
NUMBER OF FACES, EDGES AND VERTICES
Shape Faces Edges Vertices Shape Faces Edges Vertices
Cube6128 Square Pyramid585
Cuboid6128 Triangular Pyramid464
Sphere1 (curved)00 Triangular Prism596
Cylinder3 (2 flat + 1 curved)2 (curved)0 Rectangular Prism6128
Cone2 (1 flat + 1 curved)1 (curved)1 Rectangular Pyramid585

💡 KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER

3D shapes are solid and have thickness.
Sphere rolls in all directions.
They have length, width and height.
Pyramids have a base and triangular faces.
They have faces, edges and vertices.
Prisms have the same shape on opposite ends.

REAL-LIFE SHAPES AROUND US

Dice
Book
Ball
Ice cream cone
Tin can
Brick
Tent
Gift box